"The Hong Kong Policy of the People's Republic of China, 1949-1997. [23][24] After his defeat at the Battle of Yamen on 19 March 1279, the child emperor committed suicide by drowning with his officials at Mount Ya (modern Yamen Town in Guangdong). 2019 Diurnal Variations of Air Pollutants . Other aspects of life changed as traditional Cantonese opera gave way to big screen cinemas. Many former colonial citizens can still use, It continues to have more political freedoms than Communist China, including, Motor vehicles in Hong Kong, unlike those in Communist China, continue to, The former British military drill, marching and words of command in English continues in all disciplinary services including all civil organisations. Culture. Special Jun 28th 1997 edition. In the 1950s, the tomb at Lei Cheng Uk from the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220 AD) was excavated and archaeologists began to investigate the possibility that salt production flourished in Hong Kong around 2000 years ago, although conclusive evidence has not been found. Hong Kong is the world’s 12th largest trading economy, its sixth largest foreign exchange market, 15th largest banking centre and Asia’s third biggest stock market. This chapter discusses the development of the Philippine short story in English. From this time, people's homes became part of Hong Kong's skyline and scenery. Where in battle great armies in met. The PAULINIAN STORY begins here in the wheatfields of the region of Beauce, France 2. [citation needed], On 1 July 1997 (23 years ago) (1997-07-01), the lease ended, and the United Kingdom transferred control of Hong Kong and surrounding territories to the People's Republic of China. 1850 – The population of Hong Kong stands at 32,000. After the end of World War II and the communist takeover of Mainland China in 1949, hundreds of thousands of people fled from China to Hong Kong. The border with the mainland continues to be patrolled as before. Hong Kong remains an individual member of various international organizations, such as the. As a military outpost and trading port, Hong Kong's territory gained the attention of the world. To the recently inde­pendent countries of that region Hong Kong offered not just trade but the benefit of its mercantile experience. In 1513 the Portuguese explorer Jorge Alvares arrived in Hong Kong. Vgl. Hong Kong. Other events such as floods, typhoons and famine in mainland China would also play a role in establishing Hong Kong as a place to escape the mayhem. Canada - Culture. Hong Kong was occupied by Japan from 23 December 1941 to 15 August 1945. After defeating China in the Opium Wars, The United Kingdom was given control over Hong Kong in 1842. Western-style education made advances through the efforts of Frederick Stewart. It became unlawful to own Hong Kong Dollars, which were replaced by the Japanese Military Yen, a currency without reserves issued by the Imperial Japanese Army administration. 7. Old Hong Kong - Volume One. For local travel rickshaws gave way to buses, ferries, and trams. Pre-1842. Ma Wan was the earliest settlement with direct evidence in Hong Kong. Guide; Forums; Articles ; An overview of Canadian history unravels how it has become the young, bilingual and multicultural nation that we see today. Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China with a degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense. The camps, however, posed a fire and health hazard, leading to disasters like the Shek Kip Mei Fire. A chronology of key events: 1842 - China cedes Hong Kong island to Britain after the First Opium War. In order to consolidate its rule, constitutional changes, the Young Plan, were proposed in response to the trend of decolonization so as to meet the needs of the people. Field of LIFE but once, plain of DEATH 6. [31][32] In the 1850s large numbers of Chinese would emigrate from China to Hong Kong due to the Taiping Rebellion. Aboriginal Canadians are First Nations Métis and Inuits who occupied Canada long before Europeans had even set foot in the country. History museum’s ‘Hong Kong Story’ was far from perfect, but it now faces a gov’t-sanctioned revamp by Guest Contributor 09:00, 18 October 2020 18:08, 16 October 2020. On July 1, 1997, China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, ending more than 150 years of British colonial rule. Hong Kong is a popular tourist destination in southeastern Asia, with a mixture of Eastern and Western cultural influences. He immediately reappointed the entire team of policy secretaries, guaranteeing significant continuity.[52]. [46], Family values and Chinese tradition were challenged as people spent more time in the factories than at home. [44] Philip Snow, a prominent historian of the period, said that the Japanese cut rations for civilians to conserve food for soldiers, usually to starvation levels and deported many to famine- and disease-ridden areas of the mainland. Mon 1 Jul 2002 11.04 EDT . The number of impoverished Hongkongers hit a record high in 2016 with one in five people living below the poverty line. Christian missionaries founded many schools and churches in Hong Kong. On 4 April 1990, the Hong Kong Basic Law was officially accepted as the mini-constitution of the Hong Kong SAR after the handover. [12] Citizens expressed displeasure at their electoral system, culminating in the 2014 Hong Kong protests. The Hong Kong immigration system provides for a range of temporary stays including visits for business or tourism, as well as longer-term routes for training, study, employment, and investment. The Hong Kong 818 incident, inhibited by the visit of Li Keqiang, caused controversy regarding civil rights violations. At the same time, the warnings of the 1997 handover raised emigration statistics to historic highs. Still, Britain chose to keep Hong Kong for strategic reasons. The political and institutional system made only minimal changes due to the political instability in Mainland China at that time (aforementioned) which caused an influx of mainland residents to Hong Kong. The early industrial centres, where many of the workers spent the majority of their days, turned out anything that could be produced with small space from buttons, artificial flowers, umbrellas, textile, enamelware, footwear to plastics. These Hong Kong stories were hidden in “The Hong Kong Story.” The exhibit also focused on the past rather than the relatively modern era. The Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese was founded by the London Missionary Society in 1887, and Sun Yat-sen was one of its first two graduates in 1892. History timeline. [42], In 1860, at the end of the Second Opium War, the UK gained a perpetual lease over the Kowloon Peninsula, which is the mainland Chinese area just across the strait from Hong Kong Island. The four students were known by the Qing as the Four Bandits. [11] The planned implementation of Hong Kong Basic Law Article 23 caused great controversy and a massive demonstration on 1 July 2003, causing the bill to be shelved. 1843 – Hong Kong’s first governor, Sir Henry Pottinger is dispatched to take charge of the twenty or so villages on the island and conduct British trade. 190 pages. Brief History of Hong Kong: The area that is today Hong Kong was settled by the Han Chinese dynasty in the 7th century. The British and the Indians retreated from the Gin Drinker's Line and consequently from Kowloon under heavy aerial bombardment and artillery barrage. Island named as Hong Kong didn't represent anything special about itself before the moment when its became the first British possession in China. All of these regions were still under Chinese control when the empire went t… English is still taught in all schools. Japan occupied Hong Kong from 1941 to 1945 during the Second World War. In 1890 came the first electric company. [17] The stone tools found in Sai Kung were perhaps from a stone tool making ground from perhaps the Late Neolithic Period or Early Bronze Age. Lantau Island was also a salt production centre, where riots by salt smugglers against the government broke out. In the late 19th century and early 20th centuries, Hong Kong developed as a warehousing and distribution center for U.K. trade with southern China. Guide; Forums; Articles ; An overview of Canadian history unravels how it has become the young, bilingual and multicultural nation that we see today. Hong Kong's population recovered with yet another flow of refugees. Sun attended To Tsai Church (道濟會堂, founded by the London Missionary Society in 1888) while he studied in this College. All statues of British monarchs like Queen Victoria and King George remain. Learn how a local Hong Kong bank became one of the world’s largest financial services organisations. Isogai Rensuke became the first Japanese governor of Hong Kong. Cambridge University Press. On 10 May 1278, Child Zhao Bing, the last Song Dynasty emperor, was enthroned at Mui Wo on Lantau Island; this event is commemorated by the Sung Wong Toi memorial in Kowloon. [33][34] While the British exported to China luxury items like clocks, watches, there remained an overwhelming imbalance in trade. [1], The Qing dynasty ceded Hong Kong to the British Empire in 1842 through the treaty of Nanjing, ending the First Opium War. It was the highest election turnout in Hong Kong’s history, and delivered a stinging rebuke to the government. Road names reflecting Britain's 156 years of control of the territory remain. Wiltshire, Trea. Brian Hook, "British views of the legacy of the colonial administration of Hong Kong: A preliminary assessment,", Learn how and when to remove this template message, History of Hong Kong under Imperial China, Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory, Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, Technical standards in colonial Hong Kong, anti-Hong Kong Express Rail Link movement, Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link, Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy, Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019, Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, decision on improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, History of Colonial Hong Kong (1800s–1930s), History of the People's Republic of China, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs, Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, "Treaty of Nanjing | Definition, Terms, & Facts", "Three Years and Eight Months: Hong Kong during the Japanese Occupation", "In Pictures: The 1997 Handover of Hong Kong from Britain to China", "China's interference in Hong Kong reaching alarming levels: U.S. congressional panel", "Security Laws Target of Huge Hong Kong Protest", "Hong Kong's umbrella revolution - the Guardian briefing", "China's new law: Why is Hong Kong worried? [First published 1987] (republished & reduced 2003). History; Education; Latest Stories Hong Kong--A Success Story. The Tuen Mun region in what is now Hong Kong's New Territories served as a port, naval base, salt production centre and later as a base for the exploitation of pearls. Current politics swirls around defining what Hong Kong is. 1856 – The second Opium War breaks out. ", "Sung Wong Toi | Hong Kong Tourism Board", "Chinese Refugees in Annam and Champa at the end of the Sung Dynasty", "Private Trade between England and China in the Eighteenth Century (1680-1833)", "Life Inside The Most Densely Populated Place On Earth [Infographic]", "Celebrating two lives well lived : Featured OTT : Videos", "Poverty in Hong Kong hits record high with 1 in 5 considered poor", "China has breached Hong Kong Joint Declaration, says UK", "Xi Focus: Xi stresses "patriots governing Hong Kong" when hearing Carrie Lam's work report", "China approves plan to veto Hong Kong election candidates", "Improving Hong Kong's electoral system important for developing high-quality democracy", Bibliography of Hong Kong Archaeology on the University of Hong Kong website, "Story of the Stanford family and the effect of the fall of Hong Kong in 1941. In November 2020 the National People's Congress authorised the dismissal of any Legco members who are perceived to ask for help from foreign countries and who "refuse to recognise China’s sovereignty over Hong Kong". Kabir Chhibber. It began with the Rothschild’s British East India Company that existed from the early 1700s to nearly 1900, when Rothschild conceived the idea of inflicting opium onto China. A chronology of important dates from Hong Kong's history to the present day. Canada - Culture. Governor Alexander Grantham responded with a "multi-storey buildings" plan as a standard. Under the Tang dynasty, the Guangdong region flourished as an international trading centre. However, there were also battles between the Chinese and Portuguese and soon the trading stopped. The 1970s saw the extension of government subsidised education from six years to nine years and the setup of Hong Kong's country parks system. Tung Chee Hwa assumed duty as the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong, elected in December by a selection committee with members appointed by the PRC government. The territory that now comprises Hong Kong was loosely part of China during the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC), and the area was part of the ancient kingdom of Nam Viet (203–111 BC). Central, Hong Kong: Text Form Asia books Ltd. ISBN Volume One 962-7283-59-2. [First published 1987] (republished & reduced 2003). Advertising. Upstaged by the Hong Kong Federation of Students (HKFS) and Scholarism in September 2014, its leaders joined in the Occupy Central protests. [8] The Handover of Hong Kong on July 1, 1997, returned Hong Kong to Chinese rule, and it adopted the Hong Kong Basic Law. The Return to China Formally, no treaty forced the British to also return Hong Kong Island and Kowloon in 1997. Tai Po Hoi, the sea of Tai Po, was a major pearl hunting harbour in China from the Han dynasty through to the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), with activities peaking during the Southern Han (917–971). After the 5th Hong Kong Chief Executive Election, Carrie Lam became the first female Chief Executive of Hong Kong. Post-British Hong Kong is just turning 18 years old. Some clans built walled villages to protect themselves from the threat of bandits, rival clans and wild animals. INTRODUCTION : THE HONG KONG HISTORY PROJECT Biographers like to say that the most formative period in a person’s life is that from late teenage into adulthood, roughly from 17 to 21 years of age. Read more. The image incorporates the Chinese characters for 'Hong Kong' (香港) and the letters 'H' and 'K'. One in every eight bombs was genuine. First National City Bank. Siu-Kai, Lau. Hong Kong was destabilized by the Cultural Revolution in China. The first gas company opened in 1862. Archeological studies have uncovered stone tools, pottery and other artifacts. Juni 1997 als Kronkolonie Großbritanniens von einem von der britischen … Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China with a degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense Hong Kong has been the subject of a number of academic and popular works of history, and research and heritage projects, but there is much that remains under-explored. There seems to be general agreement among critics that it was in the field of the short story that Filipino writers in English excelled. After the Second Opium War (1898) the British negotiated a lease of the "New Territories" in which the British would receive newer outlying islands for 99 years. Hong Kong is a special administrative region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. [25], Despite the immigration and sparse development of agriculture, the area was hilly and relatively barren. The bill would make it legal for China to extradite criminals from Hong Kong, potentially including political prisoners. It was the beginning of the high rise buildings. After the Second Opium War (1898, Convention for the Extension of Hong Kong Territory) the British negotiated a lease of the "New Territories" in which the British would receive newer outlying islands for 99 years. Skills and capital brought by refugees of Mainland China, especially from Shanghai, along with a vast pool of cheap labour helped revive the economy. Central, Hong Kong: Text Form Asia books Ltd. p. 12. Jahrhunderts (Han-Dynastie) wurde das Gebiet des heutigen Hongkong von Han-Chinesen besiedelt, was durch die Ausgrabung einer antiken Begräbnisstätte bei Lei Cheung Uk in Kowloon zu Tage kam. The gate was then shipped to London for exhibition. Archeological studies have uncovered stone tools, pottery and other artifacts. However, Hong Kong during World War I saw no direct military action, and Hong Kong's population continued to boom in the following decades from 530,000 in 1916 to 725,000 in 1925. The Third Pandemic of Bubonic Plague attacked Hong Kong in the 1894 Hong Kong plague. After the Great Clearance policy, ordered by the Kangxi Emperor, many Hakka people migrated from inland China to Xin'an County, which included modern Hong Kong. On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong was peaceably handed over to China in a ceremony attended by numerous Chinese and British dignitaries. Während der Tang-Dynastie war die Region um Guangzhou ein bedeutendes Handelszentrum und die Region von Hongkong und dem heutigen Shenzhen diente als Hafen, die Salzgewinnung und Perlenzucht erlebte eine er… A "decision on improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region" was passed by the National People's Congress (NPC) on 11 March 2021 to rewrite the election rules in Hong Kong to ensure a system of "patriots governing Hong Kong. [56], On 27 January 2021, CCP general secretary Xi Jinping said that Hong Kong could only maintain its long-term stability and security by ensuring "patriots governing Hong Kong" when he heard a work report delivered by Carrie Lam. Years later, in 1699, the East India Company from Britain … On the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress established the Hong Kong National Security Law which came into effect on 1 July 2020. Human activity on Hong Kong dates back over five millennia and there were early influences from northern Chinese stone-age cultures. Hong Kong. Did you know? Discovering Hong Hong's Cultural Heritage. China developed a strong demand for silver, which was a difficult commodity for the British to come by in large quantities. Archaeological evidence indicates that the population increased during the Han dynasty (206 BC – AD 220). Many left Hong Kong for the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, and anywhere else in the world without any communist influence. British reports on Hong Kong described the Tanka and Hoklo living in Hong Kong "since time unknown". (Anm. [57] On 1 March, HKMAO director Xia Baolong in the seminar of "patriots governing Hong Kong" stated that Hong Kong must establish a "democratic electoral system with Hong Kong characteristics."[58]. However, her proposal of the Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019 has led to mass demonstrations against its implementation.